Why modern diet affects our health, why menopause was selected in the human lineage, why are there right-handed and left-handed people at the same time, or heterosexuals and homosexuals, there are- there local human adaptations? These questions, and many more, are addressed within the theoretical framework of human evolutionary biology, through field studies, modelling, experimentation, and data analysis. The goal is to better understand what a human being is, through the prism of cultural and biological evolution.